*SHOW:  - character list. Revised 03/23/98

* CHARACTER LIST

   #1.  <sporophore type>/
        1. aethalia/
        2. pseudoaethalia/
        3. pasmodiocarps/
        4. subplasmodiocaps/
        5. sporocarps/
   #2.  <habit>/
        1. isolated/
        2. scattered/
        3. gregarious/
        4. in couples over a common hypothallus/
        5. grouped in small groups <under ten sporocarps per group>/
        6. grouped in large groups <ten or more sporocarps per group>/
        7. crowded/
        8. heaped/
   #3. <sporophore total height when it is not sessile and globose or subglobo>/
        æm high/
   #4.  <sporocarp stalk>/
        1. stalked/
        2. short-stalked <1/5-1 times the height of the sporangium>/
        3. substalked <sporotheca raised over the substratum up to 1/5 the sporotheca diam.>/
        4. subsessile, over a narrowed base <tangent to the substratum>/
        5. sessile/
   #5. spores borne/
        1. internally/
        2. externally/
   #6. <esporophore> when fresh,/
        1. hyaline/
        2. white (263. White)/
        3. yellowish white (92. y White)/
        4. yellow/
        5. brilliant yellow (83. brill. Y)/
        6. moderate yellow (87. m. Y)/
        7. moderate yellowish-brown (77. m. y Br)/
        8. grayish yellowish pink (32. gy. y Pink)/
        9. brownish pink (33. br Pink)/
        10. moderate brown (58. m. Br)/
        11. dark grayish brown (62.d. gr Br)/
        12. blackish brown (65. br Black)/
        13. pale cinnamom/
        14. rosaceous-brown/
        15. light brown (57. l. Br)/
        16. cream/
   #7. <sporophore> when mature, <<general color>>/
        1. hyaline/
        2. yellowish white (92. y White)/
        3. brilliant yellow (83. brill. Y)/
        4. moderate yellow (87. m. Y.)/
        5. light yellowish brown (76. l. y Br)/
        6. pink/
        7. pink-brown/
        8. light brown (57. l. Br)/
        9. ferrugineous/
        10. moderate brown (58. m. Br)/
        11. dark grayish brown (62. d. gy. Br.)/
        12. browish black (65. br Black)/
        13. moderate greenish yellow (102. m. g Y)/
        14. dark bluish Gray (192. d. b Gray)/
        15. dull black/
        16. strong yellow (84. s. Y)/
        17. black (267. Black)/
        18. yellowish/
        19. bronze brown/
        20. light orange (52. l. O)/
        21. purplish/
   #8. sporotheca <shape>/
        1. oblate <length/width less than 0.9>/
        2. pulvinate <length/width 0.75-0.9>/
        3. globose <length/width 1-1.05>/
        4. subglobose <length/width 1.05-1.15>/
        5. ellipsoid <length/width 1.15-1.6>/
        6. oval/fusiform <length/width 1.6-2>/
        7. cylindrical <length/width over 2>/
   #9. sporotheca <diam.>/
        æm in diam./
   #10. sporotheca <outline>/
        1. ovoid/
        2. obovoid/
        3. ellipsoidal/
        4. subcylindrical/
        5. urniform/
   #11. sporotheca <width <sporotheca other than spherical>>/
        æm wide/
   #12. sporotheca <height when no globose or subglobose>/
        æm high/
   #13. sporotheca  <length when the sporotheca is not globose or subglobose>/
        æm long/
   #14. spores per sporcarp: <number>/
        1. one/
        2. two/
        3. many/
   #15. dehiscence/
        1. opercular/
        2. by a longitudinal slit/
        3. petaloid/
        4. irregular/
        5. by angular platelets/
        6. rupturing in a circumscissile manner along the margin of the base/
        7. the whole preidium acting as a lid/
   #16. hypothallus/
        1. common to a group of sporocarps/
        2. common to a group of sporocarps forming a net-like structure/
        3. as ample individual discs <over three times the stalk diam. at base>/
        4. as narrow individual discs or rims
 <under three times the stalk diam. at base>/
        5. inconspicuous/
   #17. hypothallus <nature>/
        1. membranous/
        2. thick/
   #18. stalk <type>/
        1. present <with a well-defined external layer>/
        2. as a mere extension of the hypothallus <without a well-defined external layer>/
        3. absent/
   #19. stalk <length up to the sporotheca>/
        æm long/
   #20. stalk <diam at the apex>/
        æm diam at the apex/
   #21. stalk <diam base>/
        æm diam at the base/
   #22. stalk arising from a <base>/
        1. a non expanded base/
        2. an expanded base/
   #23. stalk <straightness>/
        1. straight/
        2. slightly flexousus/
        3. nodding/
        4. tortuous/
   #24. stalk <shape>/
        1. cylindrical/
        2. tapering to the apex/
        3. with two portions divided by an oval swelling/
   #25. stalk <opacity>/
        1. opaque/
        2. opaque but translucent at base/
        3. translucent/
   #26. stalk by transmitted light <color>/
        1. hyaline/
        2. pale yellow (89. p.Y)/
        3. brilliant yellow (83. brill. Y)/
        4. moderate yellow (87. m. Y)/
        5. red/
        6. brown/
        7. black (267. Black)/
        8. strong yellow (84. s. Y)/
        9. moderate redish brown (43. m. r Br)/
        10. cream/
   #27. stalk under reflected light <color>/
        1. brown/
        2. yellow/
        3. black/
   #28. stalk
 <hollowness (as seen by transmitted light)>/
        1. hollow/
        2. filled/
   #29. stalk with <filled>/
        1. granular material/
        2. spore-like cells/
        3. fibres/
        4. dark granules/
   #30. up to <granular material filling the stalk>/
        1. 1/6, or less/
        2. 1/3/
        3. 1/2/
        4. 2/3, or more/
        5. absent/
   #31. stalk <apical apophysis>/
        1. topped with a hollow apophysis/
        2. hollow apophysis lacking/
   #32. peridium <presence>/
        1. persistent as a whole/
        2. persistent as fragments which cling to the tips of the capillitium/
        3. persisting bassally/
        4. persisting as a net of nodes or ribs interconnected/
        5. completely fugaceous/
   #33. peridium when mature as <persisting when mature as>/
        1. a collar <h/r:0-0.25>/
        2. a saucer-shaped calyculus <h/r: 0.25-0.75>/
        3. a funnel-shaped calyculus <h/r:0.75-1.50>/
        4. a trumpet-shaped calyculus <h/r >1.50>/
   #34. peridium <basal remains diam.>/
        æm in diam/
   #35. peridium, by transmitted light <color>/
        1. red/
        2. brown/
        3. rosaceous-brown/
        4. moderate yellowish brown (77. m. y Br)/
        5. nearly hyaline/
        6. light yellowish brown (94. l. y Br)/
        7. olivaceous/
        8. moderate redish brown (43. m. r Br)/
        9. light yellowish brown (76. l. y Br)/
        10. brown orange (54. br O)/
        11. grayish greenish yellow (105. gy. g Y)/
        12. pale ocraceous/
        13. yellowish white (92. y White)/
        14. grayish yellow (90 gr. Y)/
        15. dark grayish brown (81 d. gr. Br.)/
   #36. capillitium <development>/
        1. absent/
        2. rudimentary <less than tree nodes>/
        3. scanty <between three and six nodes>/
        4. well developed <with over six nodes>/
   #37. capillitium <polarity>/
        1. isotropic; with the same features all over it/
        2. showing some zonal differentiation <lower-upper/inner-outer>/
   #38. capillitium <type>/
        1. made of lime tubules/
        2. present as hollow tubules/
        3. made of solid threads <apparently>/
        4. of free elaters/
        5. present as pseudocapillitium/
        6. absent/
   #39. capillitium <branching>/
        1. very branched <over four nodes per branch>/
        2. fairly branched <between four and three nodes>/
        3. scattered branched <one to two>/
        4. no branching at all/
   #40. capillitium <branching type>/
        1. dichotomous/
        2. mostly splitting dicotomously/
        3. with some dichotomous branching/
        4. no dichotomous/
   #41. peripherial capillitium <net>/
        1. forming a complete net/
        2. forming an incomplete net/
        3. no forming a net/
   #42. peripherial capillitium <free ends>/
        1. with all or most of the ends free/
        2. with frecuent free ends/
        3. often ending free <about half of the ends>/
        4. with scanty free ends <between 40% and 25% of the ends>/
        5. with few or no free ends <less than 25% of the ends>/
   #43. peripherial capilitium threads <thickness>/
        1. delicate <less 1 æm in diam.>/
        2. stout <over 1 æm in diam.>/
   #44. peripherial capillitium threads <æm thick>/
        æm thick/
   #45. internal capillitium <density>/
        1. dense/
        2. lax/
        3. lacking/
   #46. internal capillitium <flexuosity>/
        1. strongly sinuose <arches over 180ø>/
        2. sinuate <arches under 180ø>/
        3. rigid/
   #47. internal capillitium <anastomoses>/
        1. without or hardly with anastomoses <0-5%>/
        2. with few anastomoses <5-30%>/
        3. fairly anastomosed <30-70%>/
        4. mostly anastomosed <70-95%>/
        5. completely or nearly anastomosed <100-95%>/
   #48. columella/
        1. present/
        2. absent/
   #49. columella <shape in Echinostelium>/
        1. flattened/
        2. conical/
        3. cylindrical/
        4. fusiform/
        5. pedunculate-hemispheric/
        6. pedunculate-lenticular/
        7. crescent-shaped in optical section/
   #50. columella <relative length>/
        1. nearly reaching the apex/
        2. about 2/3 of the spore containing part height <3/5-4/5>/
        3. about half way the sporotheca <2/5-3/5 of its total height>/
        4. reaching c. 1/3 the total height of the sporotheca <1/5-2/5 of its total height>/
        5. very short or absent
 <less than 1/5 of the total height of the sporotheca>/
   #51. columella <apex>/
        1. expanded at the apex/
        2. capped with an apical disk/
        3. becoming flexuose at the apex/
        4. dissipating in the primary capillitial branches/
        5. folked in two thick primary branches/
        6. ending abruptly/
   #52. columella <length>/
        æm long/
   #53. columella by transmitted light <<color in Echinostelium>>/
        1. hyaline/
        2. yellowish white (92. y White)/
        3. yellow/
        4. brilliant yellow (83. brill. Y)/
        5. moderate yellow (87. m. Y)/
        6. moderate yellowish-brown (77. m. y Br)/
        7. light brown (57. l. Br)/
        8. brown/
        9. dark olive brown (96. d.Ol Br)/
        10. black (267. Black)/
   #54. spores <clusters>/
        1. in tight clusters/
        2. in loose clusters/
        3. free/
   #55. spores <in clusters of>/
        spores/
   #56. spores in mass,/
        1. ferrugineus brown/
        2. brownish black (65. br Black)/
        3. hyaline/
        4. white (263. White)/
        5. yellowish white (92. y. White)/
        6. pink/
        7. gray/
        8. dark grayish brown (62. d. gy Br)/
        9. moderate yellowish brown (77. m. y Br)/
        10. moderate brown (58. m. Br.)/
        11. deep yellow (85. deep Y)/
        12. ocraceous/
        13. black (267. Black)/
        14. dark/
        15. smooth/
        16. light olive brown (94. l. Ol Br)/
   #57. spores by transmitted light <color>/
        1. hyaline/
        2. pale yellow (89. p. Y)/
        3. yellow/
        4. grayish yellowish pink (32. gy. y Pink)/
        5. rosy-brown/
        6. brown/
        7. faintly cinnamon/
        8. light brownish gray (63 l. br.Gy)/
        9. light brown (57. l. Br)/
        10. strong yellow (84. s. Y)/
        11. light olive brown (94. l. Ol Br)/
        12. moderate olive brown (95. m. Ol Br)/
        13. ferrugineus/
        14. greyish brown (64. br Gray)/
        15. grayish greenish yellow (105. gy. g Y)/
        16. dark  gray (266. d. Gray)/
        17. light olive gray (112. l. Ol Gy)/
        18. light yellowish brown (76. l. y Br)/
        19. yellowish white (92. y White)/
   #58. spores <shape>/
        1. globose/
        2. subglobose/
        3. subpolyhedral/
        4. ovoid/
        5. globose-crested/
   #59. spores <diam.>/
        æm in diam./
   #60. spores <length>/
        æm long/
   #61.  <ornamentation aspect>/
        1. minutely
 <only visible with x100 objective and phase-contrast or Normarski>/
        2. faintly <only visible with x100 objective>/
        3. distinctly <visible with x40 objective>/
        4. prominently <visible with x20 objective>/
   #62. spores <ornamentation density>/
        1. scattered/
        2. densely/
        3. very densely <some of the marks touch each other>/
   #63. spores <marks a)>/
        1. roughened/
        2. punctate/
        3. spinulose/
        4. warted/
        5. echinulate/
        6. verrucose/
        7. marked with protuberances/
        8. banded/
        9. smooth/
   #64. spores <type b marks>/
        1. roughened/
        2. punctate/
        3. with marks/
        4. banded/
   #65. spores <marks apex>/
        1. sharp/
        2. blunt/
   #66. spore ornamentation <distribution>/
        1. regularly/
        2. irregularly/
        3. with darker clusters/
        4. with paler clusters/
        5. forming a reticulum/
   #67. spore ornamentation <distribution polarity>/
        1. much more strongly marked on one side/
        2. more marked on one side/
        3. evenly distributed/
   #68.  <forming a reticulum>/
        1. complete/
        2. incomplete/
   #69. meshes/
        æm in diam/
   #70. meshes to the hemisphere/
        meshes/
   #71. bands <width>/
        1. narrow <less than 0.5 æm>/
        2. wide <over 0.5 æm>/
   #72. bands <length>/
        1. long <over half spore diam.>/
        2. short <under half spore diam.>/
   #73. secondary ornamentation/
        1. present/
        2. absent/
   #74. secondary ornamentation made of/
        1. prominently/
        2. distinctly/
        3. faintly/
        4. minutely/
   #75. secondary mark type/
        1. roughened/
        2. punctated/
        3. spinulose/
        4. warted/
        5. echinulate/
        6. verrucose/
        7. with protuberances/
   #76. spore <mark height>/
        æm/
   #77. spore wall <thickness>/
        1. thick/
        2. thin/
   #78. spore wall <uniformity>/
        1. of uniform thickness/
        2. with a diffuse thinner area/
        3. with a well-defined thinner area/
        4. bearing spore-to-spore thickened articular areas/
   #79. spore wall by TEM <by electron transmission microscopy>/
        1. single/
        2. bi-layered/
   #80. articular surfaces <shape>/
        1. circular/
        2. as two crescents confronted/
   #81. articular surfaces <thickness>/
        1. thin <less than 1 æm>/
        2. prominent <more than 1 æm>/
   #82. articular surfaces <margins>/
        1. with edges tapering to the spore surface/
        2. with sharply truncate margins/
   #83. spore-like body <with the same characters than the spores>/
        1. present/
        2. absent/
   #84. basal flagellar bodies of swarm cells/
        1. associated in pairs/
        2. unassociated/
   #85. protoplasts <number in each spore>/
        protoplasts in each spore/
   #86.  <plasmodium>/
        1. protoplasmodium/
        2. aphanoplasmodium/
        3. intermediate between aphano and phaneroplasmodium/
        4. phaneroplasmodium/
   #87.  <plasmodium color>/
        1. red/
        2. pink/
        3. hyaline/
        4. translucent white/
        5. ocraceous brown/
   #88. living on <substrate>/
        1. bark of living trees/
        2. dead wood/
        3. leaves/
        4. dung/
        5. fungi/
        6. plant litter/
   #89. of <species>/
        1. Abies pinsapo/
        2. Arbutus unedo/
        3. Juniperus thurifera/
        4. Juniperus sabina/
        5. Juniperus oxycedrus/
        6. Quercus pyrenaica/
        7. Quercus ilex/
        8. Quercus faginea/
        9. Quercus coccifera/
        10. Quercus suber/
        11. Olea europaea/
        12. Tamarix gallica/
        13. Pistacia lentiscus/
        14. Tamarix boveana/
        15. Tetraclinis articulata/
        16. Juniperus phoenicia/
        17. Pinus sp./
   #90. taxon images:/

   #91. number of represented collections/
        collection/